In 1699, Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, a French explorer, became the first
European to visit what is known today as St. Tammany Parish. Soon thereafter,
St. Tammany was inhabited by various Indian tribes such as the Colapissas, Bayou
Goulas, Chickasaw, Biloxi, Choctaw, and Pensacola. After the French-Indian War,
St. Tammany Parish became part of English West Florida, just like nearby
parishes across the present-day geography of Louisiana, including Washington
Parish. West Florida was eventually run by the Spanish after the American
Revolutionary War.
In 1810, U.S. President James Madison claimed West Florida as part of Louisiana
and sent William C.C. Claiborne to claim the territory. St. Tammany got its name
upon being claimed, named after Indian Chief Tamanend. In 1834, the city of
Mandeville was founded as a resort town for the people of New Orleans, joining
the cities of Covington and Madisonville in the parish. The city of Abita
Springs soon followed.
During the 19th and early part of the 20th century, a large railroad connected
the cities of Mandeville and New Orleans, which further spurned development of
Abita Springs, Covington, and Madisonville. However, the creation of the Lake
Ponchartrain Causeway Bridge in 1956, along with U.S. Interstate 12 in 1957,
combined with continuous usage of U.S. Interstate 10, relocation and population
increases to St. Tammany Parish increased dramatically.